Beschreibung
Prof. Dr. Otto Hänninen: Umweltbelastungen und Krankheiten – 9 Umweltrisikofaktoren
Health impacts of environmental stressors range from relatively mild effects such as noise annoyance, to asthma, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Efficient public health policies should allocate resources for maximum health benefits while avoiding undue interference with other societal functions and human activities. Comparison and prioritisation of environmental health effects is a key to information based policy development.
Environmental Burden of Disease in Europe -project (EBoDE, http://en.opasnet.org/w/Ebode) selected a number of representative stressors based on their presumed public health relevance, high individual risk, economic impact and scientific interest for quantification of their health impacts in six European countries (WHO, 2009). The project integrated previously adopted methodologies for quantification of the health impacts in harmonized way allowing for comparison and ranking of the health impacts between countries and stressors. The stressors included besides six indoor and outdoor air pollutants, also one physical (traffic noise) and two other chemical (lead, dioxins) environmental stressors. The included air pollutants were benzene, formaldehyde, particulate matter, ozone, radon and passive exposure to tobacco smoke.
Diseases affected by these exposures include besides cancer (leukemial benzene; lung cancer/second hand tobacco smoke, radon, fine particulate matter; cancer incidence/dioxins) also cardiovascular (e.g. IHD, HD) and respiratory (e.g. asthma, COPD) diseases, sleep disturbance annoyance and mortality. Health effects estimated in the project using epidemiological and toxicological evidence on exposure-response relationships and World Health Organization Burden of Disease data on national background health status of the populations.
Overall the environmental burden of disease averaged for the six participating countries, of the nine estimated stressors, was 11.400 DALY per million people. Contribution of cancers was 25% representing 41.500 cases of cancer (178 cancers per million) Cancer therefore is one of the disease groups besides cardiovascular health that is contributing to environmental burden of disease demonstrating that the environmental origin of cancer is well recognized also in the environmental risk assessment.
Über Prof. Dr. Otto Hänninen:
Otto Hänninen, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., Adj prof./Docent at the University of Eastern Finland and a Senior Researcher at the National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland.
Hänninen is an expert in population exposure and public health risk assessment. His research includes indoor and outdoor air pollution and policy evaluation. Besides European and academic research and teaching he acted as secretary for the World Health Organization working group developing WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality and was seconded to WHO European Centre for Environment and Health in 2006-2007. Hänninen is a leading national expert in environmental burden assessments. He coordinated the EBoDE work and has acted as a workpackage leader in many EU research consortiums. He has authored approximately sixty peer reviewed journal papers and has published over 160 other scientific papers and book chapters and spoken in a variety of international forums as an invited plenary speaker.
He is a member of International Society of Exposure Science (ISES), International Society for Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ) , Nordic Society for Aerosol Research (NOSA), Aerosol Society (UK), Gesellschaft für Aerosolforschung and Association Finnish Air Pollution Prevention Society (ISY).
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[TAB:Hinweis]Der Referent spricht englisch.
